英国が2030年のGHG削減目標を発表:1990年比で68%減に

本日、英国のボリス・ジョンソン首相が、英国のGHG排出量を「1990年比で2030年までに少なくとも68%削減する」という新しい目標を発表しました。

英国の新しい削減目標は、世界で最も高い目標の1つであり、主要経済国の中で最も速い速度で排出量を削減することになるとしています。英国は過去10年間で他のどの先進国よりも多くの排出削減を行い2050年カーボンニュートラルを法制化した最初の主要経済国とのことです。

日本の2030年削減目標は2013年比26%ですが、1990年比だと18%減となります。今回英国は、日本よりも50%高い目標を掲げたことになります。

パリ協定の署名国は、COP26に先立ち新たなNDC(国別削減目標)を提出する必要があります。これまでに21か国が新たなNDCを提出しましたが、米国、EU、中国からはまだありません(EUと中国も近く発表するとも言われています)。

気候変動に関する政府間パネル(IPCC)によれば、気温の上昇はCO2の累積排出量(濃度)と比例することが分かっています。 そのため、現在の排出スピードが続けば、2030年までに気温が1.5℃を超えてしまう可能性があります。つまり、2050年のネットゼロ目標を設定するだけでは、気温上昇を1.5℃に抑えることはできないということです。IPCCは、 気温上昇を1.5℃に抑えるためには、2030年までの世界のCO2排出をほぼ半減(45%削減)する必要があることを示しています。つまり、各国は2050年に確実に排出をゼロにすることとともに、その経路において、2030年に大幅な排出削減を実現していることが決定的に重要になります。

そうしなければ、世界中で深刻度を増す気候変動の被害を、避けることが難しくなるからです。

日本政府もCOP26までに新たな2030年削減目標を提出することが見込まれますが、上記を踏まえた上で、英国を含めた先進国と比較した2030年の野心度を強く求められることが予想されます。

今回、英国政府は、12月12日に開催となる「Climatre Ambition Summit (気候野心サミット)」の主催国として、他国を促すことも意図し、新たな2030年の削減目標を発表しました。気候野心サミットは、英国がフランスのマクロン大統領とグテーレス国連事務総長と共催します。

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以下、政治や産業界からのコメントです(プレスリリースにも掲載有)

Prime Minister Boris Johnson said:
“We have proven we can reduce our emissions and create hundreds of thousands of jobs in the process – uniting businesses, academics, NGOs and local communities in a common goal to go further and faster to tackle climate change. “Today, we are taking the lead with an ambitious new target to reduce our emissions by 2030, faster than any major economy, with our Ten Point Plan helping us on our path to reach it. “But this is a global effort, which is why the UK is urging world leaders as part of next week’s Climate Ambition Summit to bring forward their own ambitious plans to cut emissions and set net zero targets.”

Peter Simpson, CEO of Anglian Water and Co-Chair of The Prince of Wales’s Corporate Leaders Group, said:
“Credible plans matter in the race to zero, so today’s announcement is welcomed. It’s why the water industry recently launched its own routemap to net zero by 2030. There’s never been a more important time for companies to step up, invest, and take action to support both national ambition and global need, and this expectation is something our customers have been very clear about. COP26 means the spotlight is on. Climate change won’t wait for us, and the time for action is now.”

Anders Opedal, CEO of Equinor, said:
“ As a significant and growing investor in the U.K., Equinor welcomes this increased climate ambition, which will encourage more investment and job creation in a U.K. low-carbon economy. Equinor aims to be a net-zero company by 2050, and works together with the UK government and society to develop solutions towards a low-carbon future. Equinor is currently actively involved in technology development, offshore wind, and hydrogen and carbon capture and storage projects in the U.K. We look forward to future exciting announcements.”

Alistair Phillips-Davies, Chief Executive, SSE, said:
“The UK’s 2030 ambition set out by the Prime Minister today is among the most ambitious in the world and we’re excited about working alongside government to deliver it. This kind of bold and decisive policy-making will help unlock the investment needed to deliver on our net zero ambitions, tackle climate change and help spur a green recovery from the coronavirus crisis.
“This target provides a clear, long-term signal for businesses like SSE to get on and deliver. With a £7.5bn low-carbon investment programme, including building the world’s largest offshore wind farm at Dogger Bank, we’re playing our part and want to do more to demonstrate the UK’s international leadership as we build towards COP26 next year – from pioneering carbon capture and storage technology to building the network infrastructure needed to accommodate the coming surge in renewables, electric vehicles and heat pumps.”

Stephen Moorhouse, Vice President and General Manager, Great Britain, Coca-Cola European Partners, said:
“At Coca-Cola European Partners in GB we have reduced our carbon impact by more than a third over the last decade but we know much more is needed. We are one of many organisations who have signed the Business Ambition for 1.5 pledge as we understand the importance of businesses collaborating with clear and ambitious targets to tackle climate change. We welcome the bold commitment from the UK government as a crucial step to accelerate the transition to net zero.”

Jason Tarry, CEO, UK & Republic of Ireland, Tesco, said:
“It’s critical Britain sets a clear pathway of action to lead the fight against climate change, and this confirmation of an ambitious NDC is an important step on that journey. Our supply chain and long-term business sustainability depend on the health of the natural environment, and our customers and colleagues expect Tesco to play its part in caring for the planet, which is why we’ve brought forward our own ambition to reach net zero in our UK operations by 15 years, to 2035.”

Jeremy Darroch, Group Chief Executive, Sky, said:
“This is a vital step forward and should focus all our minds on the urgency of the climate crisis. How we respond to this crisis will define our generation, so it’s right that the Government has set bold and ambitious targets. We only have one chance to get this right and business wants to work with the Government as we approach COP26 to be a positive part of the solution, helping us build back in a sustainable way.”

Keith Anderson CEO ScottishPower said:
“Today’s announcement marks a significant acceleration in the race to zero and aligns with our own ambition at ScottishPower to build back greener and help lead the response to the climate emergency. “We are investing £10 billion in the next five years towards doubling our renewable generation capacity, delivering the network infrastructure required to support decarbonisation across transport and heat as well as offering our customers 100 per cent lean power – all of which will create jobs, strengthen supply chains and drive innovation across the energy sector. This ambitious new target will help shape a decade of delivery with both purpose and momentum, putting us all on the path to a better future quicker.”

Andy Wales, Chief Digital Impact and Sustainability Officer at BT Group said :
“We welcome today’s announcement by the UK Government, which sets ambitious targets and sends a clear signal that we need to transition to a low carbon economy. It’s encouraging to see the UK using its presidency of the G7 and COP26 to demonstrate leadership on climate action and inspire others to raise their ambitions. “BT has long recognised the importance of setting ambitious carbon reduction targets. We were one of the first companies in the world to set a 1.5°C aligned science-based target – to reduce the carbon emissions intensity of our business by 87% by 2030. Beyond that we’ve pledged to become a net zero carbon emissions business by 2045.”

英語のプレスリリースはこちらをご覧ください。